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US naturalization · October 2026

The English test for US citizenship: speaking, reading and writing

Most applicants must show that they can speak, read and write basic English. Here is how each part works, who is exempt, and how to get ready for free.

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Three parts

Speaking

Checked during your interview, while the officer goes through your Form N-400 with you.

Reading

You must read one of three sentences out loud correctly.

Writing

You must write one of three sentences correctly.

Who is exempt from the English test?

No English test if you are

  • 50 or older and a permanent resident for 20 years (50/20)
  • 55 or older and a permanent resident for 15 years (55/15)
  • exempt for medical reasons (Form N-648)

Still needed

With 50/20 or 55/15 you still take the civics test — in your own language, with an interpreter you bring who speaks English and your language fluently.

A daily plan for the English test

1

Words

Ten minutes of new English words with Langula — with audio and a translation into your language.

2

Civics out loud

Answer five civics questions out loud, as in the interview.

3

Write one sentence

Write one short sentence about US history or government every day.

Practise the civics part: 2025 civics test · 2008 civics test · which version is mine?

Frequently asked questions

?What is on the English part of the citizenship test?
Speaking, reading and writing. The officer checks your speaking during the interview, you read one of three sentences aloud, and you write one of three sentences.
?What if I fail the English test?
You get a second chance: you are tested again on the part you failed 60 to 90 days after your interview.
?Who does not have to take the English test?
People who are 50 or older and have been permanent residents for 20 years, or 55 or older with 15 years. People with a medical exception (Form N-648) can also be exempt.
?How can I prepare for the reading and writing test?
Practise reading civics sentences aloud and writing short sentences about US history and government. Everyday vocabulary helps too: learn a few words every day and say them out loud.
?Can I learn English for free?
Yes. Langula has a free English course with translations into many languages, audio and pronunciation practice — it works in the browser and as an app.

Sources and disclaimer

Last checked: October 2026. Official sources:

Langula is not connected to USCIS or the U.S. government. This page is general information, not legal or immigration advice. Questions and answers are from USCIS (U.S. government works, public domain, retrieved October 15, 2026); explanations are by Langula. Rules can change — always check uscis.gov.

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