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Canadian Citizenship Test · study notes · November 2026

Canadian Citizenship Test: How Canadians govern themselves, elections and justice

A large part of the citizenship test is about how Canada is run: who makes the laws, who represents the Crown, how elections work and how the courts and police protect your rights. These notes explain the system step by step, so you can understand it instead of only memorizing words.

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These are practice questions written by Langula, not official test questions. The real questions are not published; they are based on the study guide Discover Canada.

Study notes

1

Three key ideas: federal state, parliamentary democracy, constitutional monarchy

Three labels describe Canada's system of government. Canada is a federal state, which means power is divided between a national government and the governments of the provinces and territories. Canada is a parliamentary democracy, which means citizens elect representatives who make laws and control public spending. And Canada is a constitutional monarchy, which means the head of state is a hereditary Sovereign (a King or Queen) who reigns according to the Constitution.

If you remember these three ideas, most other test questions about government become easier, because nearly every detail fits under one of them.

2

Who does what: the division of powers

The split of powers between Ottawa and the provinces goes back to 1867. It was written into the British North America Act, which today is called the Constitution Act, 1867. Federalism lets each province shape some policies to fit its own people and try out new ideas.

The federal government looks after matters that affect the whole country, for example national defence, foreign policy, citizenship, criminal law, currency, and trade and communication between provinces. The provinces are responsible for things closer to daily life, such as education, health care, natural resources, highways, property and civil rights, and municipal government. Some areas are shared by both levels, especially agriculture and immigration.

The three northern territories have small populations and do not have the status of provinces, but their governments and assemblies do much of the same work. In each territory a Commissioner represents the federal government in a ceremonial role.

3

Parliament and how a law is made

Canada's Parliament has three parts: the Sovereign, the Senate and the House of Commons. Members of the House of Commons, called Members of Parliament (MPs), are elected by voters. Senators are not elected: the Governor General appoints them on the advice of the Prime Minister, and they may serve until age 75.

A proposed law is called a bill. In the House of Commons it goes through several steps: first reading (the bill is introduced and printed), second reading (members debate the main idea), committee stage (a committee looks at it in detail, clause by clause), report stage (more changes can be made) and third reading (a final debate and vote). The Senate then follows a similar process.

A bill only becomes law when both the House of Commons and the Senate have passed it and it has received Royal Assent, which the Governor General gives on behalf of the Sovereign.

4

The Crown, the Prime Minister and the Cabinet

The Sovereign is Canada's head of state. The Sovereign stays above party politics and is a symbol of the country, of loyalty and of citizenship. The Sovereign is also Head of the Commonwealth, an association of countries that work together. In Canada, the Governor General represents the Sovereign. The Governor General is appointed by the Sovereign on the Prime Minister's advice, usually for five years. In each province, a Lieutenant Governor plays the same role.

The Prime Minister is the head of government and leads the day-to-day running of the country. The Prime Minister chooses the Cabinet ministers, most of them from among the MPs. Ministers are in charge of federal departments. Together, the Prime Minister and ministers form the Cabinet, which prepares the budget and proposes most new laws.

Government has three branches: the executive, the legislative and the judicial. They work together but also check each other, which helps protect citizens' rights.

5

Responsible government, confidence and the opposition

Canada has responsible government. This means the ministers must answer to the elected members and keep the support, or confidence, of the House of Commons. Important votes, such as the vote on the budget, are confidence votes. If the government loses such a vote, the Prime Minister usually asks the Governor General to call an election.

The parties that are not in government are the opposition. The opposition party with the most seats is called the Official Opposition. Its job is to question the government, oppose its plans peacefully or try to improve them. Any MP may question decisions of the Cabinet.

6

Federal elections: from riding to government

Canada is divided into electoral districts, also called ridings or constituencies. Each riding elects one MP. Any Canadian citizen aged 18 or older may stand as a candidate, and the candidate with the most votes in a riding wins the seat. Under fixed-date election law, federal elections are normally held on the third Monday in October every four years, but the Prime Minister can ask the Governor General to call one earlier.

To vote in a federal election you must be a Canadian citizen, be at least 18 years old on election day and be on the voters' list. Elections Canada, a neutral agency, keeps the National Register of Electors and sends each registered voter a voter information card that says when and where to vote. If you get no card, you can still be added to the list, even on election day. If you cannot vote on election day, you can use advance polls or a special ballot.

Voting is secret: you mark an X beside your candidate behind a screen and fold the ballot. Nobody, not your family, your employer or a union, can force you to say how you voted. After the election, the Governor General usually asks the leader of the party with the most seats to form the government. With at least half of the seats it is a majority government; with fewer than half it is a minority government.

7

Provincial, municipal and First Nations government

Each province has an elected legislative assembly. Together with the Lieutenant Governor, it forms the provincial legislature. Depending on the province or territory, its members are called MLAs, MNAs, MPPs or MHAs. The leader of a provincial government is the Premier, whose role is similar to that of the Prime Minister. Provincial and territorial elections also use secret ballots, but their rules can differ from federal ones.

Cities and towns are run by a municipal council, usually led by a mayor or reeve together with councillors or aldermen. Councils pass by-laws that apply only in their community and look after local services such as streets, public transit, garbage collection, snow removal, firefighting and emergency services.

First Nations elect band chiefs and councillors. They have important responsibilities on reserves, for example housing, schools and other services.

8

The justice system, the police and legal help

Canada's justice system rests on the rule of law: laws are made by elected representatives and apply to everyone, including judges, politicians and police officers. Everyone has the right to due process, which means the government must respect all of a person's legal rights. In criminal cases, a person is presumed innocent until proven guilty.

Courts settle disputes and police enforce the laws. The Supreme Court of Canada is the highest court in the country. The Federal Court deals with matters that involve the federal government, provincial courts handle many less serious cases, and small claims courts deal with civil cases about small amounts of money.

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) enforce federal laws everywhere in Canada and act as provincial police in every province and territory except Ontario and Quebec, which have their own provincial police. Most large cities have municipal police. You can ask police for help, and you can also complain about their conduct. A lawyer can help with legal problems; if you cannot afford one, most communities offer free or low-cost legal aid.

Levels of government in Canada at a glance

LevelElected representativesLeaderCrown or federal representativeExamples of responsibilities
FederalMembers of Parliament (MPs) in the House of CommonsPrime MinisterGovernor GeneralDefence, foreign policy, citizenship, criminal law, currency
ProvincialMLAs, MNAs, MPPs or MHAsPremierLieutenant GovernorEducation, health care, natural resources, highways
TerritorialMembers of the territorial assemblyPremierCommissioner (represents the federal government)Many of the same tasks as a province
MunicipalCouncillors or aldermenMayor or reeveNoneLocal by-laws, roads, transit, snow removal, firefighting
First NationsBand councillorsBand chiefNoneHousing, schools and other services on reserves
Shared federal and provincialNot applicableNot applicableNot applicableAgriculture and immigration
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60 practice questions with answers

Written by Langula in our own words to help you revise — not official test questions. The correct answer is marked.

1
Which three terms together describe Canada's system of government?
  1. aRepublic, direct democracy and federal union
  2. bUnitary state, presidential system and monarchy
  3. cConfederation of cities, military rule and absolute monarchy
  4. dFederal state, parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchyCorrect

Canada is a federal state, a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. Each term describes one key part of how the country is governed.

2
Which law of 1867 set out the division of powers between the federal government and the provinces?
  1. aMagna Carta
  2. bThe Quebec Act
  3. cThe Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
  4. dThe British North America ActCorrect

The British North America Act of 1867 divided powers between Ottawa and the provinces. Today it is called the Constitution Act, 1867.

3
Which of these is a responsibility of the federal government?
  1. aEducation
  2. bHighways
  3. cNational defenceCorrect
  4. dGarbage collection

National defence concerns the whole country, so it belongs to the federal government. Education and highways are provincial, and garbage collection is a municipal service.

4
Which level of government is responsible for education?
  1. aMunicipal governments
  2. bFirst Nations band councils only
  3. cThe federal government
  4. dProvincial and territorial governmentsCorrect

Education is a provincial responsibility. That is why school systems can differ from one province to another.

5
Which two areas are shared between the federal and provincial governments?
  1. aDefence and foreign policy
  2. bAgriculture and immigrationCorrect
  3. cEducation and highways
  4. dCurrency and criminal law

Agriculture and immigration are shared responsibilities. Both the federal government and the provinces can make laws and policies in these areas.

6
Health care is mainly the responsibility of which level of government?
  1. aThe Governor General
  2. bMunicipal governments
  3. cProvincial and territorial governmentsCorrect
  4. dThe Senate

Health care is a provincial responsibility. Each province and territory runs its own health care system.

7
True or false: Citizenship is a responsibility of the provincial governments.
  1. aTrue
  2. bFalseCorrect

False. Citizenship is a federal responsibility, so the same rules apply in every province and territory.

8
What is one advantage of Canada's federal system?
  1. aProvinces can shape some policies to suit their own populationCorrect
  2. bEach province can have its own army
  3. cOnly one government makes all laws for the whole country
  4. dProvinces can print their own money

Federalism gives provinces room to adapt policies to the needs of their people and to try new ideas. Money and defence remain federal matters.

9
Who represents the federal government in each of the three territories?
  1. aA Lieutenant Governor
  2. bA Senator
  3. cA CommissionerCorrect
  4. dA mayor

Each territory has a Commissioner who represents the federal government and has a mostly ceremonial role. Provinces have Lieutenant Governors instead.

10
What are the three parts of Canada's Parliament?
  1. aThe Sovereign, the Senate and the House of CommonsCorrect
  2. bThe federal, provincial and municipal governments
  3. cThe Governor General, the premiers and the mayors
  4. dThe Prime Minister, the Cabinet and the Supreme Court

Parliament is made up of the Sovereign, the Senate and the House of Commons. All three are needed to make a federal law.

11
Which part of Parliament is elected by the people?
  1. aThe House of CommonsCorrect
  2. bThe Supreme Court
  3. cThe Sovereign
  4. dThe Senate

Voters elect Members of Parliament to the House of Commons. Senators are appointed and the Sovereign inherits the throne.

12
How do Senators get their position?
  1. aThey inherit the seat from a parent
  2. bThey are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime MinisterCorrect
  3. cThey are chosen by the provincial premiers
  4. dThey are elected in each province

Senators are not elected. The Governor General appoints them on the Prime Minister's advice.

13
Until what age can a Senator serve?
  1. a65
  2. b70
  3. c75Correct
  4. d80

Senators may serve until they reach the age of 75.

14
What is a bill?
  1. aA tax paid to the Sovereign
  2. bA list of voters
  3. cA court decision
  4. dA proposed law that Parliament considersCorrect

A bill is a proposed law. It must pass through Parliament and receive Royal Assent before it becomes law.

15
What happens to a bill at first reading?
  1. aIt receives Royal Assent
  2. bA committee studies each clause
  3. cThe Senate votes on it for the last time
  4. dIt is introduced and printedCorrect

First reading is the start: the bill is introduced in the House and printed. Debate and detailed study come later.

16
At which stage do members study a bill in detail, clause by clause?
  1. aCommittee stageCorrect
  2. bRoyal Assent
  3. cElection day
  4. dFirst reading

At committee stage, a group of members looks at each clause of the bill closely and can suggest changes.

17
What is the final step before a bill becomes law?
  1. aRoyal AssentCorrect
  2. bSecond reading
  3. cReport stage
  4. dA vote in the provincial legislatures

After both the House of Commons and the Senate pass a bill, it becomes law when it receives Royal Assent, given by the Governor General on behalf of the Sovereign.

18
True or false: A federal bill becomes law as soon as the House of Commons passes it.
  1. aTrue
  2. bFalseCorrect

False. The Senate must also pass the bill, and then it needs Royal Assent before it becomes law.

19
What does responsible government mean?
  1. aMinisters must keep the confidence of the elected House of CommonsCorrect
  2. bJudges are elected by the people
  3. cThe Sovereign makes all decisions alone
  4. dEach province chooses the Prime Minister

Under responsible government, Cabinet ministers answer to the elected members. They need the support, or confidence, of the House to stay in power.

20
If the government is defeated in a vote of confidence, what usually happens?
  1. aThe Senate chooses a new Prime Minister
  2. bThe government stays in power with no change
  3. cThe Supreme Court takes over the government
  4. dThe Prime Minister asks the Governor General to call an electionCorrect

When most MPs vote against the government on a confidence matter, the Prime Minister usually asks the Governor General to call an election.

21
Which of these votes in the House of Commons is a matter of confidence?
  1. aThe choice of a committee chair
  2. bThe vote on the budgetCorrect
  3. cA vote to start a sitting early
  4. dA vote to name a new park

Votes on major issues such as the budget test whether the government still has the support of the House.

22
True or false: The Prime Minister is Canada's head of state.
  1. aTrue
  2. bFalseCorrect

False. The Sovereign (the King or Queen) is the head of state. The Prime Minister is the head of government.

23
Who is the head of government in Canada?
  1. aThe Speaker of the Senate
  2. bThe Governor General
  3. cThe Prime MinisterCorrect
  4. dThe Chief Justice

The Prime Minister is the head of government and leads the running of the country with the Cabinet.

24
Who represents the Sovereign in Canada as a whole?
  1. aThe Prime Minister
  2. bThe Chief Justice of Canada
  3. cThe Governor GeneralCorrect
  4. dThe Speaker of the House of Commons

The Governor General is the Sovereign's representative in Canada. For example, the Governor General gives Royal Assent to federal laws.

25
How is the Governor General chosen?
  1. aElected by all Canadian voters
  2. bElected by the provincial premiers
  3. cChosen by the Senate
  4. dAppointed by the Sovereign on the advice of the Prime MinisterCorrect

The Sovereign appoints the Governor General on the Prime Minister's advice, usually for a term of about five years.

26
Who represents the Sovereign in each province?
  1. aThe Premier
  2. bThe Commissioner
  3. cThe mayor of the capital city
  4. dThe Lieutenant GovernorCorrect

Each of the ten provinces has a Lieutenant Governor who represents the Sovereign. The Premier leads the provincial government.

27
What are the three branches of government in Canada?
  1. aExecutive, legislative and judicialCorrect
  2. bSenate, Cabinet and police
  3. cArmy, navy and air force
  4. dFederal, provincial and municipal

The executive, legislative and judicial branches work together but also limit each other, which helps protect people's rights and freedoms.

28
The Sovereign is the head of which association of countries that includes Canada?
  1. aThe CommonwealthCorrect
  2. bThe European Union
  3. cNATO
  4. dThe United Nations

The Sovereign is Head of the Commonwealth, a group of countries that cooperate on social, economic and cultural matters.

29
Who leads a provincial government, in a role similar to the Prime Minister's?
  1. aThe Senator for the province
  2. bThe Lieutenant Governor
  3. cThe Chief Justice of the province
  4. dThe PremierCorrect

The Premier is the head of a provincial government. The Lieutenant Governor represents the Sovereign but does not lead the government.

30
True or false: A provincial legislature is made up of the Lieutenant Governor and the elected assembly.
  1. aTrueCorrect
  2. bFalse

True. Just as Parliament includes the Sovereign, each provincial legislature includes the Lieutenant Governor together with the elected members.

31
Who chooses the Cabinet ministers in the federal government?
  1. aThe Senate
  2. bThe Supreme Court
  3. cThe voters in a separate election
  4. dThe Prime MinisterCorrect

The Prime Minister selects the ministers, most of them from among the elected MPs.

32
What does the Cabinet do?
  1. aIt judges criminal cases
  2. bIt runs local snow removal
  3. cIt prepares the budget and proposes most new lawsCorrect
  4. dIt counts the ballots after an election

The Cabinet, made up of the Prime Minister and the ministers, makes major decisions, prepares the budget and introduces most new laws. Each minister runs a federal department.

33
What is the Official Opposition?
  1. aThe party with the most seats in the Senate
  2. bThe opposition party with the most seats in the House of CommonsCorrect
  3. cThe party that wins the most provinces
  4. dA group of judges who review laws

Of all the parties that are not in government, the one with the most MPs becomes the Official Opposition.

34
What is the role of the opposition parties?
  1. aTo appoint judges and Senators
  2. bTo give Royal Assent to bills
  3. cTo oppose or try to improve government proposals in a peaceful wayCorrect
  4. dTo run the federal departments

Opposition parties question the government and peacefully oppose its plans or work to make them better.

35
In federal politics, what is a riding?
  1. aA provincial court
  2. bA group of Cabinet ministers
  3. cAn electoral district that elects one Member of ParliamentCorrect
  4. dA First Nations reserve

A riding, also called an electoral district or constituency, is a geographic area. Its voters elect one MP to the House of Commons.

36
True or false: A Member of Parliament represents only the people who voted for them.
  1. aTrue
  2. bFalseCorrect

False. An MP represents everyone living in their riding, whatever their vote, and also all Canadians.

37
Who can be a candidate in a federal election?
  1. aOnly members of the Senate
  2. bCanadian citizens aged 18 or olderCorrect
  3. cAny permanent resident who has lived in Canada for one year
  4. dOnly people born in Canada

Any Canadian citizen who is at least 18 years old may run as a candidate in a federal election.

38
In a federal election, which candidate becomes the MP for a riding?
  1. aThe candidate with the most votes in that ridingCorrect
  2. bThe candidate chosen by the Governor General
  3. cThe oldest candidate
  4. dThe candidate of the party that wins the whole country

The candidate who gets the most votes in a riding wins and becomes its Member of Parliament.

39
Which conditions must you meet to vote in a federal election?
  1. aBe at least 21 and have a job
  2. bBe a member of a political party
  3. cBe a permanent resident and own property
  4. dBe a Canadian citizen, be at least 18 on election day and be on the voters' listCorrect

Voters must be Canadian citizens, at least 18 years old on election day and on the voters' list. You can be added to the list if you are missing.

40
Which neutral agency is responsible for federal elections and the voters' lists?
  1. aStatistics Canada
  2. bThe Royal Canadian Mounted Police
  3. cElections CanadaCorrect
  4. dThe Senate

Elections Canada is an independent, non-partisan agency. It keeps the National Register of Electors and prepares the voters' lists.

41
What does the voter information card tell you?
  1. aWhen and where you can voteCorrect
  2. bThe name of your Senator
  3. cWhich party you must vote for
  4. dHow much tax you owe

After an election is called, registered voters receive a card by mail that shows when and where to vote and how to get help, for example an interpreter.

42
True or false: In a federal election, an eligible citizen who is not on the voters' list can still register on election day.
  1. aTrueCorrect
  2. bFalse

True. You can be added to the voters' list at any time, even on election day, if you meet the conditions and can prove your identity and address.

43
True or false: Your employer has the right to make you say how you voted.
  1. aTrue
  2. bFalseCorrect

False. Canadian law protects the secret ballot. You may share your choice if you want, but no one, including family, employers or unions, can force you.

44
What can you do if you cannot vote on election day?
  1. aVote by telephone on the day after the election
  2. bVote at an advance poll or by special ballotCorrect
  3. cNothing, you lose your vote
  4. dAsk a neighbour to vote twice

Advance polls and special ballots let you vote before election day. The dates and places are shown on your voter information card.

45
How do you mark your choice on a federal ballot?
  1. aSign your name beside the candidate
  2. bTear off the name of the candidate you do not want
  3. cPut an X in the circle beside the candidate's nameCorrect
  4. dWrite the candidate's name on the back

You mark an X in the circle next to your candidate behind a voting screen, then fold the ballot so your choice stays secret.

46
Under Canada's fixed-date election law, when are federal elections normally held?
  1. aOn the third Monday in October, every four yearsCorrect
  2. bOn the first Monday in January, every three years
  3. cOn 1 July, every five years
  4. dWhenever the Senate decides

The law sets federal elections for the third Monday in October every four years. The Prime Minister can still ask the Governor General to call an election earlier.

47
After an election, whom does the Governor General usually invite to form the government?
  1. aThe candidate who received the most votes in the whole country
  2. bThe leader of the party with the most seats in the House of CommonsCorrect
  3. cThe Premier of the largest province
  4. dThe oldest Member of Parliament

The Governor General usually asks the leader of the party with the most seats to form the government. That leader then becomes Prime Minister.

48
What is a minority government?
  1. aA government made up only of Senators
  2. bA government whose party holds fewer than half of the seats in the House of CommonsCorrect
  3. cA government led by the youngest party leader
  4. dA government that only governs one province

If the governing party has fewer than half of the seats, it is a minority government. With at least half of the seats, it is a majority government.

49
What does a municipal council pass?
  1. aTreaties with other countries
  2. bFederal criminal laws
  3. cBy-laws that apply in the local communityCorrect
  4. dChanges to the Constitution

A municipal council, led by a mayor or reeve, passes by-laws that apply only within its own city or town.

50
Which service is usually provided by a municipal government?
  1. aIssuing passports
  2. bPrinting money
  3. cSnow removalCorrect
  4. dNational defence

Municipalities look after local services such as snow removal, streets, public transit, firefighting and emergency services.

51
Who has major responsibilities on First Nations reserves, such as housing and schools?
  1. aThe Governor General
  2. bBand chiefs and councillorsCorrect
  3. cProvincial Lieutenant Governors
  4. dThe Supreme Court

First Nations band chiefs and councillors are responsible for many services on reserves, including housing and schools.

52
In Canada's criminal justice system, what does the presumption of innocence mean?
  1. aA person is considered innocent until proven guiltyCorrect
  2. bOnly citizens can go to court
  3. cAn accused person must prove they did nothing wrong
  4. dPolice decide who is guilty

Anyone accused of a crime is treated as innocent until their guilt is proven in court.

53
What does due process mean?
  1. aEvery person must hire a lawyer
  2. bTrials must end within one week
  3. cThe government must respect all the legal rights a person has under the lawCorrect
  4. dOnly judges may make laws

Due process protects people from unfair treatment: the government has to respect every legal right a person is entitled to.

54
True or false: In Canada, the law also applies to judges, politicians and police officers.
  1. aTrueCorrect
  2. bFalse

True. Under the rule of law, no one is above the law, including people in positions of power.

55
What is the highest court in Canada?
  1. aThe Federal Court of Canada
  2. bThe Senate
  3. cThe Court of Appeal of Ontario
  4. dThe Supreme Court of CanadaCorrect

The Supreme Court of Canada is the country's highest court. Its decisions are final.

56
Which court deals with civil cases involving small amounts of money?
  1. aThe Supreme Court of Canada
  2. bTraffic court
  3. cSmall claims courtCorrect
  4. dThe Federal Court

Small claims courts handle civil disputes about small sums of money, so people can settle them more simply.

57
Which police force enforces federal laws throughout Canada?
  1. aThe Ontario Provincial Police
  2. bThe Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)Correct
  3. cMunicipal police departments
  4. dThe Canadian Armed Forces

The RCMP enforces federal laws across the country. It also serves as the provincial police in most provinces and in the territories.

58
Which two provinces have their own provincial police forces instead of using the RCMP as provincial police?
  1. aAlberta and British Columbia
  2. bNova Scotia and New Brunswick
  3. cManitoba and Saskatchewan
  4. dOntario and QuebecCorrect

Ontario and Quebec have their own provincial police. In the other provinces and the territories, the RCMP acts as the provincial or territorial police.

59
True or false: In Canada you are allowed to question or complain about the way police treated you.
  1. aTrueCorrect
  2. bFalse

True. Almost all police forces in Canada have a process for people to raise concerns about police service or conduct.

60
What can you do if you need a lawyer but cannot afford one?
  1. aUse legal aid, which is free or low cost in most communitiesCorrect
  2. bYou must go to court without help
  3. cAsk your Member of Parliament to act as your lawyer
  4. dAsk the police to defend you

Most communities offer legal aid services for people who cannot pay for a lawyer, free of charge or at a low cost.

More Canadian citizenship test topics

Rights and responsibilities of citizenshipStudy notes and 44 practice questions with explanations.Who we are: Indigenous peoples, English and French, diversityStudy notes and 39 practice questions with explanations.Canada’s history and modern CanadaStudy notes and 56 practice questions with explanations.Canadian symbolsStudy notes and 35 practice questions with explanations.Canada’s economy and regionsStudy notes and 48 practice questions with explanations.

Canadian citizenship test: format, pass mark and online test →

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Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between the head of state and the head of government in Canada?
The Sovereign (the King or Queen) is the head of state and is represented in Canada by the Governor General. The Prime Minister is the head of government and leads the running of the country together with the Cabinet.
Can permanent residents vote in Canadian federal elections?
No. To vote in a federal election you must be a Canadian citizen, at least 18 years old on election day and on the voters' list. Voting is one of the rights you gain when you become a citizen.
What are the steps for a bill to become law?
In the House of Commons a bill has a first reading, a second reading, a committee stage, a report stage and a third reading. The Senate then studies it in a similar way, and it becomes law after Royal Assent.
What if I do not receive a voter information card?
You can still vote. Contact your local elections office or Elections Canada to check that you are on the voters' list. You can also register at the polling station on election day if you bring proof of identity and address.

Sources and disclaimer

Last checked: November 2026. Official information:

Langula is not connected to Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC). This page is general information, not immigration or legal advice. Rules and fees can change — always check canada.ca. The practice questions and study notes on these pages are our own and are not the official test questions; study the official guide Discover Canada for the test.

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