Langula for iPhone and iPad ★ 4.1Get it free
B1Tenses

Past perfect

The past perfect describes an action that took place before another action in the past.

Take a look

Nachdem ich gegessen hatte, ging ich spazieren.

After I had eaten, I went for a walk.

Take a look

  • Nachdem ich gegessen hatte, ging ich spazieren.After I had eaten, I went for a walk.
  • Er war schon gegangen, als ich ankam.He had already left when I arrived.
  • Nachdem sie den Film gesehen hatte, schlief sie ein.After she had watched the film, she fell asleep.
  • Wir hatten alles vorbereitet, bevor die Gäste kamen.We had prepared everything before the guests arrived.

The rule

The past perfect describes an action that took place before another action in the past. It is formed with the simple past of 'haben' (hatte) or 'sein' (war) + past participle. It is often used with 'nachdem'. Past perfect = hatte/war + past participle. Verbs that take 'haben' in the present perfect → hatte: Ich hatte gelernt. Verbs that take 'sein' in the present perfect → war: Er war gefahren. 'nachdem' + past perfect, simple past: Nachdem ich gelernt hatte, ging ich schlafen. The past perfect describes the earlier of two past actions.

The forms

Past perfect (Plusquamperfekt)

Personmit habenmit sein
ichhatte gegessenwar gegangen
duhattest gegessenwarst gegangen
er / sie / eshatte gegessenwar gegangen
wirhatten gegessenwaren gegangen
ihrhattet gegessenwart gegangen
sie / Siehatten gegessenwaren gegangen

Quick check

B1
  1. Form the past perfect.Ich ___ den Brief schon ___ . (to write)
  2. Choose the correct form.Er ___ nach Berlin ___ , bevor er anrief.
  3. Insert the past perfect.Nachdem wir ___ ___ , gingen wir nach Hause. (to eat)
  4. Correct the mistake.Nachdem er ist angekommen, rief er an.
  5. Put the words in the correct order.nachdem / hatte / er / gelernt / , / er / ging / schlafen
  6. Which tense fits?Sie ___ schon ___ , als ich ankam. (to get up)

The answers appear after “Check”.

The same exercises come back in the course — there Langula remembers what you know and asks again at the right moment. Learn German free →

Learn German, don’t just read about it

The sentences on this page are part of the free course — with pronunciation and repetition.

Start for free